Overview
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disease where a type of white blood cell (eosinophil) builds up in the esophagus, causing inflammation. It is triggered by food allergens and/or environmental allergens. EoE can affect children and adults, often causing difficulty swallowing and food getting stuck.
Symptoms
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Food getting stuck in the throat
Chest pain not related to the heart
Heartburn not responding to acid medication
Vomiting (especially in children)
Failure to thrive or poor growth (children)
Common Causes
Food allergens: milk, wheat, eggs, soy, nuts, seafood
Environmental allergens (pollen, dust mites)
Genetic predisposition
Associated with atopic conditions (asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis)
Self-Care Tips
Work with a dietitian to identify and eliminate trigger foods
Consider an empiric 6-food elimination diet (milk, wheat, egg, soy, nuts, seafood)
Take prescribed topical steroids (swallowed fluticasone or budesonide)
Control GERD with PPIs — many patients have both
Use a straw or sip water with meals if swallowing is difficult
Attend regular endoscopic follow-up as instructed
When to See a Doctor
See a gastroenterologist if you frequently have food stuck in your throat or chest, or if heartburn isn't improving with standard antacids. EoE is diagnosed by endoscopy and biopsy — do not attempt a restrictive diet without medical guidance.
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